In addition, the fisheries operate in areas that are afforded some protection by marine parks. Tarwhine (aka silver bream) is a close relative of the black and yellowfin bream and the species are often confused.

Yellowfin bream also occur within the lower freshwater reaches of coastal rivers and lakes. The species is commonly referred to in publications as the "southern black bream" to avoid confusion with the black sea bream and other closely related species loosely given the name "black bream." [17] The Mallacoota inlet and Lake Tyers make up the other important bream-producing regions of the state.
[15], The species is most common in southern Victoria, where it inhabits numerous estuaries. Bivalves such as mussels and cockles are crushed in the bream's powerful jaws, with small fish such as gobies and anchovies also taken. During the breeding season, the species is known to penetrate into the upper reaches of rivers to spawn, causing an influx of juveniles in the estuaries a few months later. The species is primarily an inhabitant of estuaries and coastal lakes, rarely entering the ocean, as it cannot complete its life cycle in a fully marine environment. [17], Southern black bream are opportunistic omnivores,[15] consuming a wide range of prey, including sessile, burrowing, benthic and pelagic species. Reproducing fish migrate into the upper reaches of rivers and streams,[20] where they shed their eggs, with each fish producing up to three million per season. [1] Black bream has also been designated the standard name by the CSIRO Division of Marine and Atmospheric Research in commercial fishing in Australia. [10], A number of unusual reproductive features have been observed in the species including a number hermaphroditic individuals which have both functional ovaries and testes, with the ability for a change to the preference of one sex also occasionally observed. [6] Increased turbidity prevents the seagrass from being able to grow and therefore reducing the available habitat for Yellowfin Bream and Tarwhine. The species is known regionally by the names "black bream," "Perth bream," "Gippsland bream" and the "blue-nose bream.
This is only known from one coastal lake where the two species are landlocked together for extended periods, promoting interbreeding and the production of offspring with morphological traits intermediate between the two species. Yellowfin bream is a species endemic to the eastern Australian coastline. Various crustaceans such as nippers, prawns and crabs are commonly used alongside various species of beach and tube worm. Due to its marketability, as well as its high tolerance to a wide range of salinity,[26] the species has become a candidate for inland aquaculture in saline dams. The southern black bream is a major target for both commercial and amateur fishermen due to its high quality flesh, with over 300 tonnes of fish taken each year by commercial fisheries. [12] The tarwhine, Rhabdosargus sarba, is also similar in shape, but possesses gold horizontal stripes which allow for identification.[12]. [4], Southern black bream have long been a favourite target for anglers who seek out the species for both its fighting qualities and high quality flesh. The molars are set in series of four or five on each side of the upper jaw, and in series of three or four on the sides of the lower jaw, becoming smaller in size anteriorly. Catches of yellowfin bream in NSW and QLD are considered healthy. Yellowfin Bream Acanthopagrus australis. The yellowfin bream, Acanthopagrus australis is the most similar species to A. butcheri, overlapping in northern Victoria, with hybridisation events suggesting a recent divergence time, allowing few genetic differences to accumulate between the species. [15]

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