British troops will land to the south at Cape Helles and advance to higher ground at Achi Baba; while French soldiers launch a diversionary attack at Kum Kale. waters. Lieutenant-General Sir Ian Hamilton, commander of the new Mediterranean Expeditionary Force (MEF), assumed responsibility for organising and planning the invasion. They came ashore about 2 km north of the intended landing site, most in a narrow bay (later known as Anzac Cove) just south of the Ari Burnu headland. The naval attack began on 19 February 1915.

From Lemnos, warships and merchant ships transported the troops to the landing zone, where they were loaded into ships’ longboats that were towed inshore by steamboats before rowing to the beaches. Under-strength and under-equipped, the ad hoc MEF had had little time to prepare for the landings. With the Ottomans advancing northwards into the Caucasus region, Russia appealed for help to relieve the pressure. Page 3. As Kemal’s men arrived on the scene, they went straight into battle. The Battle of Gallipoli was one of the Allies’ greatest disasters in World War One. They quickly improved their defences, including by laying underwater minefields. The Turks pushed back the initial ANZAC move inland. Defending the area were two infantry companies (around 200 men) and an artillery battery of the Ottoman 27th Infantry Regiment. Delays in landing the remainder of the 1st Australian Division compounded the problems ashore. Defending the Gallipoli Peninsula were six infantry divisions (around 80,000 men) and support units of the Ottoman Fifth Army. To the north, the ANZACs faired slightly better, though they missed their intended landing beaches by about a mile.

First World War Allied forces landed on the Gallipoli Peninsula on 25 April 1915. Churchill’s idea was simple. Beginning on December 7, troop levels were drawn down with those at Sulva Bay and Anzac Cove departing first. Trench warfare occurred along with the fear of dysentery and the impact of the heat. For more details, see our Privacy Policy. As the troops tried to get off the beach, units got hopelessly lost amidst the rugged terrain. The number of Turkish deaths is not clear but it is generally accepted that they were over 200,000. His replacement, Rear Admiral John de Robeck, launched a massive assault on Turkish defenses on the 18th. This one was carried by Colonel Henry MacLaurin, who commanded the 1st Australian Brigade, and it bears his annotations. Managed by Caboodle UX design studio in London, The 29th Division would land on five small beaches at the southern end of the peninsula.

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